All devices
Rhetorical Device

Parallelism

Identical or near-identical syntactic structure repeated across two or more lines, clauses, or stanzas, with one or more substituted words doing the analytical work. Distinct from anaphora (start-of-line repetition) and epiphora (end-of-line repetition), which are positional subspecies - parallelism is the broader structural mirror, where matched syntax sets up the substitution to carry the meaning. In Taylor's writing the device most often appears as paired choruses, paired verses, or paired bridges in which a single swap (chose / lost, this / that, then / now) marks the song's emotional or temporal pivot.

Parallelism makes the single changed word carry maximum weight: the matching surrounding structure ensures that whatever differs between the two iterations becomes the line's analytical centre. Where the change is a single substituted verb or pronoun, the device can compress an entire emotional arc (from joy to loss, from before to after, from chosen to forsaken) into one word's shift.

Appears in 13 songs

august
Folklore · 2020

Angela & Uncle Jerry identify the shift from 'it was never mine' to 'you were never mine' as a significant parallel structure where the change of a single word carries the song's emotional pivot. Uncle Jerry says 'So we changed from "It was never mine" to "You were never mine." So now we know that the summer fling was just that, and she has subsequently lost the guy.' Similarly, they note the shift from 'August slipped away' to 'August sipped away' as another parallel where a single-letter substitution does the analytical work.

The parallelism between 'it was never mine' and 'you were never mine' tracks the speaker's emotional progression from processing the loss abstractly to naming the person she lost. The slipped/sipped parallel ties the passage of time to the consumption of wine.

Central
Podcast analysis

Who knows, if I never showed up, what could've been There goes the loudest woman this town has ever seen I had a marvelous time ruining everything

Uncle Jerry identifies how the final chorus echoes the earlier choruses with key substitutions, 'the maddest woman' becomes 'the most shameless woman' becomes 'the loudest woman,' and 'she' becomes 'I.' He says 'the juxtaposition of terms is done here in whole stanzas' and notes how the parallel structure between Rebekah's choruses and Taylor's final chorus makes the two women's experiences mirror each other.

The parallelism between the choruses is the structural mechanism by which the song argues that the labeling of independent women persists across generations, the same words, the same judgments, the same house, different women, different decades.

Central
Podcast analysis
Maroon
Midnights · 2022
2 mentions

When the morning came / When the silence came

A community reader points out a parallelism between the two verses that mirrors the better-known chorus parallel: verse one opens "When the morning came" and verse two opens "When the silence came", and each verse then arrives at "we lost track of time again" / "we lost sight of us again". The repeated "again" binds the two moments, so the silence at the end feels as inevitable as the sunrise at the beginning. It sits distinct from the chorus parallel of "I chose you" against "I lost you".

Reinforces the song's architecture of a relationship measured between two matched moments — the bright beginning and the silent end — with the structure itself enacting the loss.

Structural
Community comment

Angela & Uncle Jerry identify parallelism between the two choruses, noting that the first chorus opens with 'And I chose you' while the second opens with 'And I lost you,' with the rest of the chorus structure repeating. Uncle Jerry explicitly names this as parallelism and notes that 'in its parallelism, it has one key difference', the addition of 'maroon' interjections in the second chorus. Angela says she never noticed the 'chose/lost' switch before.

The parallel structure between the two choruses tracks the relationship's arc from choice to loss, with the identical surrounding language making the single changed word ('chose' to 'lost') carry maximum emotional weight.

Structural
Podcast analysis
Clara Bow
The Tortured Poets Department · 2024

Uncle Jerry identifies that the introductory verses to each celebrity (Clara Bow, Stevie Nicks, and Taylor Swift in the outro) are all four lines long and all share the same similitude of rhyme pattern. He explicitly states this is not just rhyme for the beauty of rhyme but carries meaning: 'there is a similarity, there's a similitude, there is a constant in the demands of celebrity.' The parallel structure across the three verses (same length, same rhyme pattern, same pitch from the talent scout) enacts the poem's argument that the requirements of fame are identical generation after generation.

The parallel structure across the three celebrity verses makes the poem's argument structural: the demands of celebrity are shown to be unchanging across a century by delivering them in the same formal package each time.

Structural
Podcast analysis
Peter
The Tortured Poets Department · 2024

Angela identifies that the two pre-choruses use parallel structure with key substitutions: the first is 'And I didn't wanna come down / We said it was just goodbye for now' and the second is 'And I didn't wanna hang around / I thought it was just goodbye for now.' She analyzes the shift from 'come down' (the Peter Pan flying fantasy) to 'hang around' (real life), and from 'We said' to 'I thought,' arguing this tracks the speaker's movement from shared fantasy to individual disillusionment.

The parallel structure with key word substitutions tracks the speaker's emotional journey, from inhabiting the shared fantasy of flight to recognizing the reality of waiting alone.

Structural
Podcast analysis
The Black Dog
The Tortured Poets Department · 2024

Angela & Uncle Jerry discuss how 'magic fabric of our dreaming' in the first chorus changes to 'tragic fabric of our dreaming' in the final chorus. Uncle Jerry notes: 'It used to be magic and now it's tragic... it still rhymes, still has that same alliterative sound.' The single-word substitution from 'magic' to 'tragic' tracks the entire emotional arc of the song.

The parallelism between the two chorus iterations compresses the song's emotional journey into a single word swap, the relationship that was once magical is now revealed as tragic, with the near-identical phrasing making the shift devastating.

Structural
Podcast analysis
loml
The Tortured Poets Department · 2024

Uncle Jerry identifies a parallel structure between the first and second verses: 'I felt a glow like this / Never before and never since' becomes 'I've felt a hole like this / Never before and ever since.' He identifies this as the juxtaposition and double meaning that functions as the motif throughout the entire poem. The matched syntax with substituted words (glow/hole, never/ever) creates a structural mirror.

The parallelism makes the single changed words (glow→hole, never→ever) carry the full weight of the song's emotional turn, the same frame holds opposite content, enacting the transformation from love to loss.

Structural
Podcast analysis
tis the damn season
Evermore · 2020

Uncle Jerry identifies a sustained parallelism binding the poem together through paired lines of mutuality: 'There's an ache in you put there by the ache in me' / 'But if it's all the same to you / It's the same to me' echoes later in 'But if it's okay with you, it's okay with me' and 'I won't ask you to wait if you don't ask me to stay.' He calls this 'the parallelism of lines' and says 'that's the kind of thing that tickles me as a reader.' He also notes the 'even' motif runs through, 'we could call it even' building the relevancy between the two characters throughout.

The parallelism enacts the mutuality of the relationship, the matching syntax mirrors the matched ache, matched resignation, and matched loss between the two characters, reinforcing the theme that their fates are bound together.

Structural
Podcast analysis
ivy
Evermore · 2020

Angela & Uncle Jerry identify how the verses echo one another through parallel structures. Uncle Jerry explicitly states: 'you see how the verses echo one another? I wish, you know, how's one to know becomes I wish to know. And then faith forgotten land becomes the fatal flaw... she uses the same alliteration.' The syntactic structure of verse 1 is mirrored in verse 2 with deliberate substitutions, creating a parallel architecture.

The parallelism between verses creates a sense of the poem circling back on itself, reflecting the recursive nature of the lovers' forbidden relationship and the speaker's inability to escape the pattern.

Structural
Podcast analysis
marjorie
Evermore · 2020

Angela & Uncle Jerry identify the word change from 'talking to me now' in the first pre-chorus to 'listening to me now' in the second pre-chorus as structurally significant. Angela says 'they're like in conversation' and Uncle Jerry agrees, noting that the single word swap tells a story about mutual engagement between grandmother and granddaughter. Later the outro changes to 'singing to me now,' completing a three-part progression.

The parallel structure with single-word substitution (talking → listening → singing) tracks the evolving nature of the grandmother-granddaughter relationship across the song, moving from instruction to mutual dialogue to the posthumous presence of Marjorie's voice.

Structural
Podcast analysis
mad woman
Folklore · 2020

Every time you call me crazy, I get more crazy What about that? And when you say I seem angry, I get more angry

The pre-chorus repeats the same syntactic frame with a single substituted predicate: 'Every time you call me crazy, I get more crazy / And when you say I seem angry, I get more angry.' The parallel construction maps both definitions of 'mad' (insane as 'crazy', angry as 'angry') onto identical frames, each accusation redoubles in its target, the matched structure enacting the escalation it describes.

The repetition of 'crazy' and 'angry' with 'more' before them enacts the very dynamic the lyrics describe, being called crazy makes her more crazy, the accusation producing the behavior it names.

Structural
Podcast analysis
New Year's Day
Reputation · 2017

Hold on to the memories, they will hold on to you Hold on to the memories, they will hold on to you Hold on to the memories, they will hold on to you And I will hold on to you

Uncle Jerry notes that the refrain says 'hold on to the memories, they will hold on to you' three times and then 'I will hold on to you', 'squeeze, squeeze, squeeze three times and I will hold on to you.' He reads the threefold repetition as a verbal image mirroring the three hand squeezes that mean 'I love you,' with the parallel structure across the repeated lines making the substitution in the fourth line ('I will hold on to you') carry the emotional weight.

The parallel structure with the pivoting fourth line connects the memory refrain to the hand-squeeze motif, three repetitions followed by a shift mirrors the three squeezes meaning 'I love you,' binding the song's themes of memory and love together structurally.

Structural
Podcast analysis
Enchanted
Speak Now · 2010

Please, don't be in love with someone else Please, don't have somebody waiting on you Please, don't be in love with someone else Please, don't have somebody waiting on you

The bridge's paired-identical-line repetition (two distinct sentences alternated and then re-iterated) is parallelism rather than epiphora, adjacent lines end with different words ('someone else' vs 'waiting on you'), so the matching is structural rather than terminal. The anaphoric 'Please' is also present; the parallel structure operates alongside it.

Structural
Podcast analysis